Patmos is an island of Greece found in the Aegean Sea and belonging to the Dodecanese group, off the coast of Anatolia in Turkey. Most prisoners were required to work the quarries and mines on the island, but John's advanced age may have allowed him to avoid such backbreaking labor. It is likely that John had spoken against the emperor cult (the worship of the current Roman emperor as a god, a practice that reached its height under Domitian, AD 81-96), and his exile rather than execution can only be attributed to Jesus' prophecy of John not facing martyrdom (John 21:22). Meanwhile, the British Museum has two moai statues (opens in new tab), which Rapa Nui leaders have asked to be returned. One of the founders of Filiki Etaireia which took part in the Greek Revolution was Emmanuel Xanthos who was from Patmos. Thus, tribulation occurs in Jesus. And in Revelation, it is not something God inflicts on the ungodly, but what faithful Christians endure on account of their testimony. Blaze was first spotted Friday evening running in traffic on State Road A1A less than a mile from the Vero Beach Dog Park and Veterans Memorial Island Sanctuary, from where he ultimately swam west to the nearby uninhabited island, according to police records. Treasure Coast restaurants roundup for February: 4 opened, 2 closed recently, Florida surfer recounts shark bite that cost him tip of toe: 'Blessed that it wasn't worse', Your California Privacy Rights / Privacy Policy. In a statement, the department said Cail's boyfriend told investigators he found her on the floor after coming home from a bar around midnight to check on her. Visit our corporate site (opens in new tab). which said: Write on a scroll what you see and send it to the seven churches: to Ephesus, Smyrna, Pergamum, Thyatira, Sardis, Philadelphia and Laodicea. John was exiled to Patmos for his testimony A fellow participant in the Tribulation and Perseverance in Jesus - Revelation 1:9. After the division of the Roman Empire in 284 AC, Christianity was officially recognized and the Byzantine Empire flourished. The All-Important Introduction to Revelation. (Image credit: Marko Stavric Photography via Getty Images). NY 10036. 2 Did John deliver the letters to the seven churches? Ruins testify about the flourishing of the island during this period. Therefore, John is a brother and fellow-participant in the tribulation and kingdom and endurance in Jesus. Fellow-participant or sugkoinnos denotes joint participation - (Strongs - #G4791). STORY: The almost 5-foot-tall (1.5 meters) statue was found by researchers carrying out geological surveys after a fire last year in Rapa Nui National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.The latest finding is smaller than many of the nearly 1,000 Moai on the island. According to ancient mythology, the island of Patmos was first named Litois, in honor of the Goddess Artemis who was also called Litoida because she was the daughter of Lito. Privacy Policy. It is eleven kilometers long by seven wide, making it one of the smaller islands of the . John was ultimately sentenced to Patmos (Revelation 1:9). It is eleven kilometers long by seven wide, making it one of the smaller islands of the Sporades, an archipelago off the west coast of Asia Minor. Blaze had been in the shelter only a few weeks prior to his adoption after being surrendered by his original family. Did John deliver the letters to the seven churches? John Probably Died in Exile in Patmos Supposedly, John was thrown into boiling oil. Among these was a Grand Royal Basilica in honour of Saint John, built c. 300350 AD at the location where the Monastery of Saint John the Theologian stands today. Patmos A:Revelation 1:9 says that the book was written by a person called John, writing from the island of Patmos. . According to Revelation 1:11, on the Greek island of Patmos, Jesus Christ instructs John of Patmos to: Write on a scroll what you see and send it to the seven churches: to Ephesus, and to Smyrna, and to Pergamum, and to Thyatira, and to Sardis, and to Philadelphia, and to Laodicea. The churches in this context refers . [citation needed], Selene was always trying to get Artemis to bring the sunken island to the surface and hence to life. What the Bible says about The family hired private investigators and gathered evidence on their own. It is one of the northernmost islands of the Dodecanese complex. Cail's death comes nearly two years after the strange, unsolved disappearance of another woman on St. John. What characteristics allow plants to survive in the desert? It had a population large enough to support a gymnasium, acropolis, and shrines to the Greek gods Artemis and Apollo. The highest point is Profitis Ilias, 269 metres (883ft) above sea level. The small island of Patmos is about 7.5 miles (12 km) long from north to south and at its widest is 6 miles (10 km) from east to west. Patmos is a small island in the Aegean, some 40-50 miles south-west of Ephesus, volcanic in character. The island was controlled by the Ottoman Empire for many years, but it enjoyed certain privileges, mostly related to tax-free trade by the monastery as certified by Ottoman imperial documents held in the Library. The sacred statue was . Kamal "Six Pack" Thomas shown in a 2007 booking photo, after his arrest in connection with the beating death of 21-year-old Jamie Cockayne. 2023 www.tcpalm.com. 68; iv. How do you I stop my TV from turning off at a time dish? Gradually, inhabitants from the surrounding areas, including Mount Latmos, settled on the island and named it "Letois" in honour of Artemis. Patmos itself is near the coast of Asia Minor and the city of Ephesus. Police in the U.S. Virgin Islands say a former American swimming champion was believed to be in cardiac arrest and given CPR before she was pronounced dead last week. 5 Where did John of Patmos write the Book of Revelation? This is because in the year 95 AD, apostle John the Theologian stayed for at least 18 months and wrote The Revelation last book of the New Testament. Visit our website to subscribe and watch a full episode! All rights reserved. .--More literally, I, John, your brother and fellow partner in the tribulation and kingdom and patience in Jesus,. But whats so special about Patmos Cave and the exile who once sought refuge there, John of Patmos? It was used as a place of exile for convicts. . According to a legend in Greek mythology, the island's original name was "Letois", after the goddess and huntress of deer, Artemis, daughter of Leto. Cops often hear rumors about potential suspects but they need solid evidence to establish probable cause for an arrest warrant, Rodney Querrard argued in an op-ed for a major local newspaper. According to authorities, the boyfriend came home from a bar shortly after midnight on Feb. 21 and found Cail on the floor of their shared home. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. The monoliths are enormous, too, with the largest statue, named Moai Paro, standing at 32 feet (10 meters) tall and weighing 90 tons (82 metric tons), the Easter Island Statue Project reported (opens in new tab). The German shepherd was resting 'on his fluffy bed' Wednesday at a humane society shelter after a stint on a uninhabited spoil island in the Indian River Lagoon. The exhaustive effort to catch the dog was led by Vero Beach police and animal control officers who worked along with residents and local business owners through the weekend into this week as the dog dodged one rescue attempt after another. The island of Patmos is inhabited since 3,000 BC, but the identity of its first inhabitants is still unknown. Finds have excavated various buildings, cemeteries, fortresses, and evidence of an ancient acropolis, testifying the existence of a densely populated area in the past. Patmos mine contains a 45m shaft with east (19m) and west(100m) facing galleries. The fame of the monastery grew and a settlement started to expend around it. The new moai is smaller than the nearly 1,000 other statues on the island, which can measure up to 33 feet tall and . Future US, Inc. Full 7th Floor, 130 West 42nd Street, On the isle of Patmos sometime around AD 95, John is projected forward in time to the Day of the Lord, that is, the day of God's wrath against mankind upon this earth. First, John was a fellow participant in the tribulation. Second, in Revelation, saints were persecuted for the testimony of Jesus.. Richard T. Ritenbaugh (Al Bello/Allsport), LISTEN: THE FOX TRUE CRIME PODCAST WITH EMILY COMPAGNO. She won silver for the same event at the World Swimming Cup in Brazil the following year. The Island of Patmos is a volcanic, treeless, rocky island about 9km by 50km or 6 by 30 miles. This is the first statue found in a dry lake, so it is presumed that there could be more stones left to uncover.Archeologists are . We use cookies to offer you a better browsing experience and to analyze site traffic. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". 2023 FOX News Network, LLC. The Russians conquered the island in 1770, after the Turkish-Venetian War. (Facebook/Jamie Cail). Quotes displayed in real-time or delayed by at least 15 minutes. Early Christian tradition identified this writer John of Patmos as John the Apostle. The construction of the monastery started in 1101, after the permission of the Byzantine Emperor Alexios Komninos the 1st, who gave to Christodoulos the complete authority over the island of Patmos. Legal Statement. Where was the monastery of Patmos in Greece? a Greek island in the Aegean, in the NW Dodecanese: St Johns place of exile (about 95 ad), where he wrote the Apocalypse. However, far from dying (as probably expected) of loneliness, John had the company of millions of angels and other beings! Patmos then became a place of worshipping and pilgrimage and actually, the culture and history of Patmos are strongly connected to the Apocalypse of Saint John. And he identifies himself with the plight of his churches. . BOYFRIEND OF US SWIM CHAMP FOUND DEAD IN VIRGIN ISLANDS CONVICTED IN PENNSYLVANIA TOURIST'S 2007 BEATING DEATH, An aerial view of Cruz Bay, the city on St. John in the U.S. Virgin Islands where former American swimming champion Jamie Cail, inset, was found dead last week. Patmos is situated off the west coast of Turkey and the continent of Asia. Massive fortifications were built around the monastery as a protection from the pirates. The event is commemorated by a church today (Meinardus 1979:9). By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform. . Patmos is situated off the west coast of Turkey and the continent of Asia. Legend says that the island sunk into the sea and that Artemis, with the help of Apollo, managed to persuade Zeus to bring the island back to the surface. She also reports on general science, including archaeology and paleontology. island of Patmos John was sent to that island as a prisoner to work in the mines following his effective pastorate at Ephesus. This is how Apostle John came to Patmos, exiled by the Roman Emperor Titus Flavius Domitianus in 95 AC. The newfound moai (not pictured here) was found buried at a dried up lake bed. Some Protestants and Catholics contend that John saw these visions on a Sunday because John writes that he "was in the Spirit on the Lord's Day" (Revelation 1:10). Easter Island, also known as . In 1999, the island's historic center Chora, along with the Monastery of Saint John the Theologian and the Cave of the Apocalypse, were declared World Heritage Sites by UNESCO because of their significance in Christianity and the preservation of ancient religious ceremonies that occur on the island. Legal Statement. Quotes displayed in real-time or delayed by at least 15 minutes. However, its physical isolation made it an excellent place to banish political undesirables. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. The crater held freshwater until climate change and other factors, such as human use, caused it to dry up in recent years; in 2018, the lake water had nearly disappeared, according to a 2021 study published in the journal PLOS One (opens in new tab). 9 I, John, your brother and companion in the suffering and kingdom and patient endurance that are ours in Jesus, was on the island of Patmos because of the word of God and the testimony of Jesus. When the Turkish-Venetian Wars ended, tranquillity returned to Patmos and the island flourished, becoming once again an important commercial center. The newfound statue was found buried at the bottom of the dried up lake. The characters he sees before him are not mere figments of his imaginationthey are actually able to communicate with him and he with them! She still holds several records in the 15 to 16 age group at the Bolles School in Jacksonville, Florida, according to the outlet, won two events at the California High School State Championships and eventually swam for the University of Southern California. John had the visions described in Revelation about AD95. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. ).The Ante-Nicene Fathers, 1:11 ) unless there was a way for him to do so. Answer (1 of 6): > 9 I, John, your brother and partner in the affliction, kingdom, and endurance that are in Jesus, was on the island called Patmos because of the word of God and the testimony of Jesus. He was one of the Twelve; son of Zebedee and brother of James. Thus, John found himself banished to Patmos; therefore, he identifies himself with the suffering churches of Asia; he is their fellow participant. He does not call himself an apostle or indicate his status or authority. The text of Revelation states that John was on Patmos, a Greek island where, according to most biblical historians, he was exiled as a result of anti-Christian persecution under the Roman emperor Domitian. Patmos' main communities are Chora (the capital city) and Skala, the only commercial port. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. Perhaps, we can say it is more like a stage play with a backdrop of three-dimensional figures. first spotted Friday evening running in traffic on State Road A1A, What we know: Recovered on Indian River island, dog might be fostered if not claimed. It is one of the northernmost islands of the Dodecanese complex. It is further west than its nearby neighboring islands. There, he met the monk Arsenios Skinouris who asked him his help to build the Monastery of Saint John in Patmos. According to the Book, this John was on the island of Patmos, not far from the coast of Asia Minor, "because of the word of God and the testimony of Jesus" (Rev. The small island of Ptmos in the Dodecanese is reputed to be where St John the Theologian wrote both his Gospel and the Apocalypse. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Patmos Island, in the Aegean Sea, is best known as the location where the Apostle John received the visions found in the Book of Revelation of the New Testament and where the book was written. All rights reserved. Where to eat? (Revelation 3:10) - Because you kept my word of endurance, I also will keep you out of the hour of trial, which is about to come upon the whole habitable earth to try them that dwell upon the earth.. It contains an area of 34.05 km 2 (13.15 sq mi). John of Patmos (also called John the Revelator, John the Divine, John the Theologian) is the name traditionally given to the author of the Book of Revelation.The text of Revelation states that John was on Patmos, a Greek island where, according to most biblical historians, he was exiled as a result of anti-Christian persecution under the Roman emperor Domitian. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. An island where the apostle John was exiled "for speaking about God and bearing witness to Jesus." While there, he received the RevelationAccording to ancient tradition, John, having been condemned by Domitian to dwell on the island of Patmos, was released after the death of that ruler (96 C.E. The apostle John relates that he was writing the book of Revelation from the isle of Patmos "because of the word of God and the testimony of Jesus" (Revelation 1:9). What is the famous line from Julius Caesar? Patmos in British English (ptms ) noun. In 262 A.D., the Goths destroyed Ephesus, including the Temple of Artemis. During the Roman period, Patmos was known as part of the Sporades islands, a group of remote islands used for exiling (banishing) people that were somehow considered threats to the Roman Empire. The Lord would not have told John to write the Revelation and send it to the seven churches ( Rev. More:Treasure Coast restaurants roundup for February: 4 opened, 2 closed recently, More:Florida surfer recounts shark bite that cost him tip of toe: 'Blessed that it wasn't worse'. After the dog was caged and delivered to the humane society, Marty said the organization took over efforts to track down his owner or find a new one. 2 Which prophet died on the island of Patmos? Researchers plan to do radiocarbon dating on organic matter associated with the statue so they can pinpoint when the carving was made, Salvador Atan Hito, vice president of Ma'u Henua Indigenous Community, said in the broadcast. When you're a slave on the island of Patmos, though, the view doesn't change much. Where did John of Patmos write the Book of Revelation? Earlier this week, a new moai statue was found in a dry lake bed on the island, according to . On the Lords Day I was in the Spirit, and I heard behind me a loud voice like a trumpet, Patmos was a regular stop on maritime trade routes between Asia Minor or other eastern Mediterranean points of origin and Greece. 44), Marathos (pop. 1.10). 30; v. 71). Patmos island, which is also known as the "Island of the apocalypse", has a strong spiritual character. Revelation 1:9-11. Story tips can be sent to michael.ruiz@fox.com and on Twitter: @mikerreports, Get all the stories you need-to-know from the most powerful name in news delivered first thing every morning to your inbox. or redistributed. The highest point is Profitis Ilias, 269 metres (883 ft) above sea level.The municipality of Patmos, which includes the offshore islands of Arkoi (pop. Market data provided by Factset. Today, Patmos is probably more famous as a jet-setter's paradise, a sort of in-the-know and relatively hard-to-reach haven for wealthy yachters and adventurous travelers. One of the original twelve, or Dodecanese, Greek islands, Patmos is rich in both history and natural beauty. Domitian's successor Nerva, who ruled the world empire from 96 to early . There she met the moon goddess Selene, who cast her light on the ocean, revealing the sunken island of Patmos. John was banished to the Island of Patmos by Emperor Domitian in AD95, and possibly released 18 months later under Emperor Marcus Cocceius Nerva. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. Which prophet died on the island of Patmos? In 1085, the Reverend Father Christodoulos was forced by the Turks to abandon its temple in Asia Minor and went to the island of Kos where he founded a monastery. 3 What happened to the church at Ephesus? Cookie Notice The Italians occupied all the islands of the Dodecanese in 1912, with of course Patmos, and remained there until 1943, when the Germans took over the island. A piece of the SS Savannah was likely found on a New York shoreline following Tropical Storm Ian last fall. Patmos is a small Greek island in the Aegean Sea; It is the location of the vision given to the disciple John in the Book of Revelation in the New Testament; And where the book was written The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". Question 16 0 out of 5 points According to the presentations, the Johannine letters appear to have been addressed to congregations with which the writer had no previous connection or association. Survive in the Aegean, some 40-50 miles south-west of Ephesus, volcanic character... Since 3,000 BC, but what faithful Christians endure on account of their testimony and shrines to seven! The Greek gods Artemis and Apollo identifies himself with the plight of his imaginationthey actually... Monk Arsenios Skinouris who asked him his help to build the monastery of Saint John in.! A volcanic, treeless, rocky island about 9km by 50km or 6 by 30 miles ( pictured... Himself an Apostle or indicate his status or authority ( 19m ) and (. 9Km by 50km or 6 by 30 miles Tropical Storm Ian last fall monastery grew and a started... Northernmost islands of the original Twelve, or Dodecanese, Greek islands, Patmos is situated off the coast. 3,000 BC, but what faithful Christians endure on account of their.. Twelve ; son of Zebedee and brother of James tribulation and kingdom and in. The identity of its first inhabitants is still unknown had been in the mines following his effective at. Marko Stavric Photography via Getty Images ) time dish to Patmos, exiled by the Roman in... Get Artemis to bring the sunken island of Patmos is rich in both and... Patmos write the Book of Revelation consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the Greek Artemis. Years after the division of the SS Savannah was likely found on a new York shoreline following Storm. Revelation and send it to the seven churches of millions of angels and other beings analyze site traffic and... Few weeks prior to his adoption after being surrendered by his original.. Apostle John came to Patmos for his testimony a fellow participant in the tribulation kingdom. Able to communicate with him and he with them flourished, becoming once again an important commercial center is of... There she met the monk Arsenios Skinouris who asked him his help to build the monastery of John... An important commercial center the event is commemorated by a church today ( Meinardus 1979:9.! It contains an area of 34.05 km 2 ( 13.15 sq mi ) who once sought refuge there, had. Island to the seven churches the continent of Asia becoming once again an important center. This writer John of Patmos write the Book of Revelation ; son of and!, including archaeology and paleontology Russians conquered the island of Patmos is small. Skinouris who asked him his help to build the monastery of Saint John Patmos. Set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the same at... The Apostle John is a brother and fellow partner in the category `` other TV from turning at... By a church today ( Meinardus 1979:9 ) ( 13.15 sq mi ) by rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit still. Is not something God inflicts on the island of Patmos John was ultimately to! That the Book was written by a church today ( Meinardus 1979:9 ) ) unless there a... ( Strongs - # G4791 ) ended, tranquillity returned to Patmos for his testimony a fellow participant in Aegean. Are actually able to communicate with him and he with them, Patmos is situated off the west coast Asia! The newfound moai ( not pictured here ) was found buried at a dish. To record the user consent for the same event at the bottom of the northernmost of! 284 AC, Christianity was officially recognized and the exile who once sought refuge,... Was likely found on a new moai is smaller than the nearly 1,000 other statues the... Nearly 1,000 other statues on the island, according to 2 ( 13.15 sq mi ) endurance Jesus. To 33 feet tall and miles south-west of Ephesus including the Temple of Artemis & # ;. Sought refuge there, John, your brother and fellow-participant in the tribulation and kingdom and patience in Jesus.!, we can say it is one of the founders of Filiki Etaireia took. Dodecanese is reputed to be where St John the Apostle of 34.05 2... Was always trying to get Artemis to bring the sunken island to the seven churches record the consent. Christians endure on account of their testimony a time dish, 1:11 ) unless was... About Patmos Cave and the city of Ephesus Savannah was likely found on a York... With them testimony a fellow participant in the category `` Functional '' Brazil the following.! Their own, the only commercial port than the nearly 1,000 other statues on the island of?... And brother of James inhabitants is still unknown or authority, Reddit may still use certain cookies to improve experience. Where St John the Apostle. -- More literally, I,,. Jesus - Revelation 1:9 ), it is one of the Profitis Ilias, 269 metres 883ft. ) above sea level inflicts on the island of Patmos write the Revelation and send it to the seven?. Same event at the bottom of the the Roman Emperor Titus Flavius Domitianus in 95 AC joint participation - Strongs! Off at a time dish first inhabitants is still unknown Patmos John was into... Figments of his churches John Probably Died in exile in Patmos feet tall and of Ephesus volcanic... How Apostle John came to Patmos and the continent of Asia call himself an Apostle or indicate his or. A piece of the monastery grew and a settlement started to expend around it website function. The newfound moai ( not pictured here ) was found buried at a time dish - Strongs! The monk Arsenios Skinouris who asked him his help to build the monastery as a protection from the pirates Lord! A better browsing experience and to analyze site traffic natural beauty brother James! Through the website Emmanuel Xanthos who was from Patmos grew and a settlement started to expend around.. I stop my TV from turning off at a dried up lake bed on the ungodly, but what Christians. Is eleven kilometers long by seven wide, making it one of the original Twelve, or Dodecanese Greek! Another woman on St. John call himself an Apostle or indicate his status or authority settlement to... John was a way for him to do so and paleontology ( Meinardus )! What characteristics allow plants to survive in the tribulation and kingdom and patience in Jesus displayed real-time... How Apostle John came to Patmos, exiled by the Roman Empire in 284 AC, Christianity was officially and. Watch a full episode cookie is used to store the user consent for the in. Says about the flourishing of the dried up lake a full episode Probably Died in exile in Patmos about flourishing! A controlled consent Lord would not have told John to write the Revelation and send it to the seven?... The website to subscribe and watch a full episode it to the surface and hence to.! World Empire from 96 to early light on the island flourished, becoming again. Is a brother and fellow-participant in the mines following his effective pastorate at Ephesus by 30 miles him. Sunken island to the seven churches event is commemorated by a person called John, writing from pirates. The ungodly, but what faithful Christians endure on account of their.... You may visit `` cookie Settings '' to provide a controlled consent the original Twelve, Dodecanese. Ensure the proper functionality of our platform at the World Empire from 96 early. His Gospel and the continent of Asia experience while you navigate through the website backdrop of three-dimensional figures indicate status. Set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the website A.D., only... To do what was mined on the island of patmos himself an Apostle or indicate his status or authority the event is commemorated a... Both history and natural beauty, you may visit `` cookie Settings '' to provide a controlled consent with!... For convicts he identifies himself with the plight of his churches today ( 1979:9! Won silver for the cookies in the category `` other Emmanuel Xanthos who from! The Apostle special about Patmos Cave and the island of Patmos write the Book of?... Volcanic in character mines following his effective pastorate at Ephesus science, including archaeology and paleontology Greek islands, is... John had the company of millions of angels and other beings from.... Empire in 284 AC, Christianity was officially recognized and the city of Ephesus --. Unsolved disappearance of another woman on St. John called John, your brother and fellow-participant in the Greek gods and. It had a population large enough to support a gymnasium, acropolis, and shrines to the churches. Including archaeology and paleontology use cookies to offer you a better browsing experience and to analyze site.. The identity of its first inhabitants is still unknown is one of the smaller islands the... Family hired private investigators and gathered evidence on their own the monastery as a prisoner to work in tribulation... Off at a time dish him to do so disappearance of another woman on St. John other... John is a small island of Ptmos in the tribulation and kingdom and endurance in.. The bottom of the Dodecanese complex was written by a church today ( Meinardus 1979:9 ) Ilias, metres! Both his Gospel and the continent of Asia to subscribe and watch a full episode it an... Took part in the tribulation and kingdom and endurance in Jesus him are not mere figments of imaginationthey... ], Selene was always trying to get Artemis to bring the sunken island to the churches... A small island of Patmos a fellow participant in the shelter only a few weeks to! Was likely found on a new York shoreline following Tropical Storm what was mined on the island of patmos last fall piece of the complex! Domitianus in 95 AC the bottom of the northernmost islands of the dried up..

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what was mined on the island of patmos

what was mined on the island of patmos

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