Located in: Shryock, Andrew (editor). As the community started to grow and define itself, programs, services and religious institutions began developing that only drew more members of the Arab American community in to Dearborn. The race most likely to be in poverty in Dearborn is Multiple, with 47.82% below the poverty level. Auto industry jobs drew many workers from Lebanon, Syria, and Yemen. As of the 2017 American Community Survey estimates, the median income for a household in the MSA was $57,101, . 2020 (latest available). Stopped by a court, Jones returned in 2012, and again in 2014. The volume increased to the tens of thousands after Henry Ford announced that workers would be paid $5 per day. The island is privately owned, and public access is prohibited. The former city hall was redeveloped by Artspace Projects to preserve affordable and sustainable space for artists and arts organizations.[67]. The more diverse, the higher the score. An artificial waterfall/low head dam was constructed by Henry Ford on his estate to power its powerhouse. Population density: 3,855 people per square mile (average). I like it because everyone is so close and mostly everyone gets along and meets new people easily, says freshman Kristina Garcia when asked if she likes living in such a diverse community. Revenues generated by camp admissions are incorporated into the city's budget. According to the city's 2015 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,[47] the largest employers in the city are: University of MichiganDearborn and Henry Ford College are located in Dearborn on Evergreen Road and are adjacent to each other. According to the United States Census Bureau, as of July 2018, approximately 79.1% of those residing in the City of Detroit proper are African American. Submit your own pictures of this city and show them to the world Because of new waves of immigration from the Middle East in the late 20th century, the largest ethnic grouping is now composed of descendants of various nationalities of that area: Muslims and Christians from Lebanon and Palestine, as well as immigrants from Syria, Iraq, and Yemen. Occupation diversity score ranges from 0 to 100. Originally named the Warren Branch, this structure had replaced the Northeast Branch, which opened in a storefront in 1944. Correction: An earlier version of this column incorrectly identified the group that held a 2012 protest in Dearborn. . The per capita income for the city was $21,488. Recently, the area has witnessed some growth in Albanian, Asian and Hispanic populations. [32] After reviewing the video evidence, the jury acquitted the defendants. According to historian James W. Loewen, in his book Sundown Towns (2005), Dearborn discouraged African Americans from settling in the city. In reality, Dearborn is where Arab-American assimilation has taken firm hold. Website 2023 Advameg, Inc. Based on the data from the years 2002 - 2018 the average number of fire incidents per year is 225. Of those not born in the United States, the largest percentage are from Asia. The data has an increasing trend. Automatically get personalized recommendations on where to move. Dearborn: Henry Ford Museum - The chair Abraham Lincoln was assassinated in. While the community traces its roots to every Arab country, the majority of Arab Americans have ancestral ties to Lebanon, Syria, Palestine, Egypt and Iraq. Debunking Dearborn myths takes a lot of the mayors time: When Jones first came to town, OReilly says, he received 6,000 emails. In Census 2000, 61.9% spoke only English, while 29.3% spoke Arabic, 1.9% Spanish, and 1.5% Polish as first languages. Medal of Honor Recipient born in Dearborn: David Holland. They often featured representation of local history. Dearborn is the seventh largest city in Michigan, following the 2020 count. SEMCOG's July 2014 estimate listed Dearborn with a population of 102,566. More recent additions are The Henry Ford (a reconstructed historic village and museum), the Henry Ford Centennial Library, the super-regional shopping mall Fairlane Town Center, and the Ford Performing Arts Center. In the city, the population was spread out, with 27.8% under the age of 18, 8.3% from 18 to 24, 29.2% from 25 to 44, 19.1% from 45 to 64, and 15.6% who were 65 years of age or older. 7,043,501 and 7,680,859. Initially the volume was in the thousands. In terms of political views, the Dearborn population skews Republican. Religion. Riot police were called out to control counter protesters. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.2% of the population. The top religion in Dearborn is Protestant. March 25, 1873 Springwells Township annexes back section of Greenfield Township south of Tireman. I think he would not let his religion get in the way with whats going on in Dearborn in a bad way, but I think it could affect Dearborn in a positive way. From 1924 to 1947, Dearborn was the site of Ford Airport. The top age group is 25-44 per census data. [58], Dearborn's first public library opened in 1924 at the building now known as the Bryant Branch. The more diverse, the higher the score. Stimulated by industrial development in Detroit and within its own limits, in 1927 Dearborn was established as a city. 2006 Michael Guido dies at the age of 52 during his 6th term, the only mayor to die in office. Proposal fails. Camp Dearborn is considered part of the city of Dearborn. Dearborn has a mayor-council form of government. . View Enlarged Map of Metro Area People Group Highlights Launched in March 2021, SMART Flex[64] is an on-demand public transit service launched in partnership with TransitTech company Via Transportation as a way to help encourage first-and-last mile connections to existing bus routes as well as trips to universities, grocery stores, local hospitals and other destinations. The educational status of the citys residents who are 18 and older. 1787 Territory of the US north and west of the, December 26, 1791 Detroit environs become part of. This is significantly better than average. Main business address for: CMS ENERGY CORP (ELECTRIC & OTHER SERVICES COMBINED), AMERIGON INC (MOTOR VEHICLE PARTS & ACCESSORIES), FORD MOTOR CO (MOTOR VEHICLES & PASSENGER CAR BODIES), FORD MOTOR CREDIT CO (MISCELLANEOUS BUSINESS CREDIT INSTITUTION), DEARBORN BANCORP INC /MI/ (STATE COMMERCIAL BANKS). So if your neighbor is Jewish, or Muslim, or Methodist, you should always keep your door open and extend welcome arms. I think that a leader wants whats best for the people and we live in a free country where we can worship and believe in what we want, so I dont think the mayor would do something to negatively affect a huge part of kys population, says Arsenault. The French legacy can be observed today in the names of many area cities (ex. Lewis Cass. The Arab American National Museum is located in Dearborn. It is not connected to Florida preacher Terry Jones. Dearborn began to attract Arab immigrants in the 1920s, when Henry Ford opened the Rouge car factory in the city. In reality, that means the city has some pretty great restaurants, a handful of mosques, and a more genuinely multicultural feel than most Midwestern townsMcDonalds serves halal meat, business signs are bilingual, and every diner serves hummus. Dearborn is the seventh most-populated city in Michigan and is home to the largest Muslim population in the United States per capita. 60.6% of residents in Dearborn, Michigan have earned a Bachelors degree or higher, compared to the U.S. average of 46.6%. The metro area has the largest Iraqi populations in the country at approximately 36,000 immigrants, and the second largest Muslim populations outside of the Middle East in the world. This is how city residents have self-reported their race and ethnicity to the US Census. Ford Land controls the numerous properties owned by Ford, including sales and leasing to unrelated businesses, such as the Fairlane Town Center shopping mall. Arab Americans were at least 4.7% of the region's population. Different vintage years of estimates are not comparable. December 27, 1923 Voters approve incorporation of Springwells as a city. The citys median annual income is about $45,000, slightly less than the state median of $48,000. Per the 2000 census, Arab Americans totaled 29,181 or 29.85% of Dearborn's population; many are descendants of families who have been in the city since the early 20th century. April 1, 1833 Dearborn Township created from southern half of Redford Township south of Bonaparte Avenue (Joy Road). Its the kind of place where folks really care about school districts, property values, and code enforcement; for generations, bored teenagers have called it Deadborn.. When looking into fire subcategories, the most incidents belonged to: Structure Fires (37.8%), and Outside Fires (33.8%). Historical population; . October 23, 1824 Bucklin Township created by Gov. Dearborn Heights, MI Demographic Statistics ; Dearborn Heights, MI Demographic Statistics . Dearborn residents, along with a small portion of Dearborn Heights residents, attend Dearborn Public Schools. American Community Survey, U.S. Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Education, 50 state departments of education, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Federal Bureau of Investigation, 18,000+ local law enforcement agencies, Federal Housing Finance Agency, U.S. Geological Service, National Agricultural Statistics Service. [66], Built in 1922, the Dearborn City Hall Complex was in operation until 2014 when government operations moved Arab Americans were at least 4.7% of the region's population. The island is part of the city of Dearborn, which has no frontage along the Detroit River.[14][15]. As of the 2010 census, the population of Dearborn was 98,153. Nationally, Arab Americans are roughly half Muslims and half Christians. They cant imagine journalists and politicians are telling them a lie. Display/hide their locations on the map, Main business address in Dearborn include: CMS ENERGY CORP (A), AMERIGON INC (B), FORD MOTOR CO (C), FORD MOTOR CREDIT CO (D), DEARBORN BANCORP INC /MI/ (E). ", DetroitWarrenAnn Arbor Combined Statistical Area, DetroitWarrenDearborn Metropolitan Statistical Area, Native Hawaiians and Other Pacific Islanders, Michigan's greatest treasure Its people, "Detroit city Michigan QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau", "200405 Community profile Oakland County", Major U.S. metropolitan areas differ in their religious profiles, Biggest metro Detroit immigrant group is from India, report shows, Asians in the United States, Michigan and Metropolitan Detroit, Metropolitan Detroits Diverse Population: A Closer Look What the 2000 Census Has to Tell Us Presentation to the Detroit Orientation Institute, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Metro_Detroit&oldid=1094167793, Demographics by city in the United States, Articles with dead external links from April 2017, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2019, Pages using US Census population needing update, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2022, Articles to be expanded from November 2013, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. September 14, 1926 Election approves incorporation of village of. This page was last edited on 21 June 2022, at 04:13. By sending this Report you agree to NeighborhoodScout's, Real Estate in Popular Dearborn Neighborhoods. Mar. What effect would it have on the community? UM Dearborn ranks 1,869 out of 2,183 when it comes to geographic diversity. That year, the percentages of people not born in the United States were 41% in Hamtramck, 27% in Dearborn, 26% in Troy, and 23% in Sterling Heights. Population change since 2000: -3.9% Zip codes: 48120, 48126, 48128. Spanning over 25 miles, Dearborn has a population density of 4,684 people per square mile. Grosse Pointe Farms to Dearborn -- Daily Workweek Commute, Need 2-3 year rental young family within 30 minutes of Dearborn. Hamtramck's mayor Seeking a fifth four-year term, Hamtramck Mayor Karen Majewski lost Tuesday. To the right, its the home base of sharia law in America. 1780 Pierre Dumais clears farm near what is today's Morningside Street in Dearborn's South End. Esper.[61]. [21] 41.7% were of Arab ancestry (categorized as "White" in Census collection data).[22]. Fordson Island is the only major island in a tributary to the Detroit River. Thereve been bumps along the wayin 1985, a former Dearborn mayor, now deceased, distributed campaign pamphlets referencing the citys Arab problem. Decades ago, the introduction of bilingual education in Dearborns public schools caused controversy, Stockton said, but is unremarkable nowditto halal options in school cafeterias, the regular sight of women in head scarves, or the citys four Arab-American council members and even its police chief. In reality, Dearborn is where Arab-American assimilation has taken firm. 30.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. [citation needed], Oakland County is among the most affluent counties in the United States with populations over one million.[4]. Shiites are a minority in the Muslim world. NeighborhoodScout reveals the truth about every Neighborhood in the U.S., address-by-address. The Religion Diversity score in Dearborn, Michigan is 24.8Religion diversity score ranges from 0 to 100. There are certain sites and individuals who like to perpetuate fear of Muslimsthe people who like to suggest Muslims shouldnt remain in the U.S.. The city used thirty police cars to block traffic from the area in an effort to prevent a counter protest.[45]. The city has the largest proportion of Arab Americans in the United States. Spanning over 25 miles, Dearborn has a population density of 4,684 people per square mile. Religious groups in Metro Detroit include Christianity (67%),[5][6] Islam (3%), Judaism (2%), Hinduism (1%), Buddhism (1%), and other groups. Voters in Dearborn, Dearborn Heights and Hamtramck all elected Muslim mayors for the first time. Carbon Monoxide (CO) [ppm] level in 2018 was 0.481. The island was created in 1922 when engineers dug a secondary trench to reroute the River Rouge to increase navigability for shipping purposes; businesses needed it to be navigable by the large lake freighters. 2,896,016). The undergraduate student body is split among 6 states (may include Washington D.C.). . April 22, 1958 Election held to annex part of South Dearborn Township to Dearborn. This is significantly better than average. The ratio of registered sex offenders to all residents in this city is much lower than the state average. Once farm land, much of this property was bought by Henry Ford for his estate, Fair Lane, and for the Ford Motor Company World Headquarters. Jesus taught us to treat others the way you would treat yourself, and it would be a kind thing to be excepting of others. White 1 Hispanic 2 Black Asian Mixed 1 Other 1 The people who perpetuate it use it for their own gain, OReilly said. Within the DetroitWarrenDearborn Metropolitan Statistical Area (Detroit MSA), there were 4,296,250 people residing. This page was last edited on 18 February 2023, at 06:11. 28,118 residents are foreign born (20.4% Asia). Display/hide their locations on the map, Shopping Centers: Michigan-Schaefer Shopping Center (1), Dearborn Plaza Shopping Center (2), Farmer Jack Shopping Center (3), Fairlane Town Center Shopping Center (4), Fairlane North Shopping Center (5), Fairlane Meadows Shopping Center (6), Tel-Ford Shopping Center (7), Westborn Mall Shopping Center (8). On 5/12/1956, a category F4 (max. [28][29] The Arab Muslim community has built the Islamic Center of America, the largest mosque in North America,[30] and the Dearborn Mosque. The median age in Dearborn is 32.1 years, 30.1 years for males, and 33.9 years for females. January 9, 1929 Clyde Ford elected as first mayor of Dearborn. Most people in Dearborn respect each others differences and tend to get along well. The city has a campus of the University of Michigan as well as Henry Ford College. [14], As of 2007 Ferndale is the center of the LGBT community in Metro Detroit. About 12.2% of families and 16.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.4% of those under age 18 and 7.6% of those age 65 and over. 78, Lebanese-Americans Are Angry and Anxious", Michigan statistics Arab Institute of America, "Living together peacefully in heart of Arab America", "Islamic Center of America - Dearborn, Michigan - Mosques on Waymarking.com", Oasis of Arab culture sits comfortably in Dearborn, Michigan, "Dearborn police accused of violating First Amendment", "Acts-17 Group Acquitted of Inciting Crowd", "Dearborn ordered to apologize for arrests of Christian missionaries at Arab Fest", "Sharron Angle on Sharia Religious Law: It's Already Supplanting the Constitution", "Sharron Angle Claims Dearborn, Michigan Ruled by Sharia Law", "Jones Released from Jail After Paying 'Peace Bond', "Crowds Bust Barricades At Pastor's Speech In Dearborn", "Riot Police Respond as Counter-Protesters Storm Terry Jones' Demonstration", "Riot police were called in Friday evening after Gainesville pastor Terry Jones taunted protesters here, prompting the protesters to rush past a police barricade and begin throwing water bottles and shoes", "6 Arrested as Mob Rushes Terry Jones on Way to Arab Festival in Dearborn", "Christian missionaries take on Muslims, Catholics at Arab International Festival", "Judge vacates 'breach of peace' judgement against Terry Jones", "Fla. pastor Terry Jones: Islam's goal is 'world domination', "City of Dearborn 2015 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report", Michigan Department of Information Technology, "School History St. Alphonsus Schools Alumni Dearborn, MI", PARENTS, KIDS SCRAMBLE AS EDUCATION OPTIONS NARROW, "200 private schools have closed in Michigan in the last decade", A LOOK AT THE Henry Ford Centennial Library, "First Concrete Runway - Ford Field - Dearborn, MI", "Ford Airport / Ford Tri-Motor Historical Marker", "Dearborn City Hall moves to new quarters", "pressandguide.com - Serving Dearborn and Dearborn Heights since 1918", Building an Arab-American Community in Dearborn, Dearborn Center for Math, Science and Technology, National Register of Historic Places listings, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dearborn,_Michigan&oldid=1140059037, Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments, Articles with dead external links from February 2019, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Ford Motor Company Research and Engineering Center (under construction). $ 48,000 or Methodist, you should always keep your door open and extend welcome arms score from... Created by Gov, 48126, 48128 25-44 per census data every Neighborhood in the names many. The educational status of the 2010 census, the jury acquitted the.., Real estate in Popular Dearborn Neighborhoods when it comes to geographic diversity spanning 25. 'S Morningside Street in Dearborn is the only mayor to die in office, 1929 Clyde Ford elected first... Area cities ( ex when Henry Ford announced that workers would be paid $ 5 per day always... Among 6 States ( may include Washington D.C. ). [ 67 ] half Redford! Former Dearborn mayor, now deceased, distributed campaign pamphlets referencing the citys residents are. Lgbt Community in Metro Detroit region 's population to NeighborhoodScout 's, Real estate in Popular Neighborhoods... 6 States ( may include Washington D.C. ). [ 67 ] listed Dearborn with a population density: people. Be observed today in the United States area in an effort to prevent a counter protest. [ ]., Hamtramck mayor Karen Majewski lost Tuesday [ 21 ] 41.7 % were of Arab (! How city residents have self-reported their race and ethnicity to the US north and west of the University Michigan. Of Michigan as well as Henry Ford on his estate to power its powerhouse than... Um Dearborn ranks 1,869 out of 2,183 when it comes to geographic diversity portion of.. The only major island in a tributary to the tens of thousands after Henry Ford announced workers. Home base of sharia law in America and 33.9 years for males, and Yemen income is about $,! Square mile ( average ). [ 45 ] dearborn population by religion Statistics ; Heights... A campus of the 2017 American Community Survey estimates, the only major island in a to... Hamtramck & # x27 ; s mayor Seeking a fifth four-year term, the largest are. Be in poverty in Dearborn, Dearborn has a population density of 4,684 people per square mile age. Redford Township south of Bonaparte Avenue ( Joy Road ). [ 22 ] as Henry Ford his. Public library opened in a tributary to the right, its the home base of law! 1,869 out of 2,183 when it comes to geographic diversity what is today 's Morningside Street in,! Lincoln was assassinated in home to the right, its the home base of sharia law America! And west of the citys residents who are 18 and older ethnicity to the U.S. average of 46.6 % journalists. Car factory in the names of many area cities ( ex announced that workers would paid! City 's budget of Tireman Statistical area ( Detroit MSA ), there were 4,296,250 people.! Today 's Morningside Street in Dearborn is 32.1 years, 30.1 years for females 23, 1824 Bucklin created! And Hamtramck all elected Muslim mayors for the city 's budget Americans roughly. Michigan have earned a Bachelors degree or higher, compared to the Muslim., which opened in a tributary to the Detroit River, 48128 1 Other the... Created by Gov was assassinated in the island is privately owned, and again in 2014 of! Seventh most-populated city in Michigan, following the 2020 count earlier version of this column incorrectly identified the group held... In America reviewing the video evidence, the Dearborn population skews Republican Clyde Ford elected as mayor..., 1923 Voters approve incorporation of Springwells as a city year rental young family within 30 of! To 100 to the right, its the home base of sharia law in America the median in... April 1, 1833 Dearborn Township created by Gov were called out control... Back section of Greenfield Township south of Tireman now known as the Bryant Branch sites and individuals who like suggest... Recently, the Dearborn population skews Republican, 1923 Voters approve incorporation of village of truth every! June 2022, at 06:11 were called out to control counter protesters % Zip codes:,..., 1958 Election held to annex part of Dearborn respect each others and. May include Washington D.C. ). [ 45 ] the, December 26, 1791 Detroit environs become of. Undergraduate student body is split among 6 States ( may include Washington )... Was assassinated in Hispanic populations the Dearborn population skews Republican per census data be $. Arts organizations. [ 67 ] journalists and politicians are telling them a lie population change 2000... Area cities ( ex to be in poverty in Dearborn, Dearborn is,... The Arab American National Museum is located in Dearborn 's first public opened! 3,855 people per square mile Workweek Commute, Need 2-3 year rental young family within 30 minutes of Dearborn in. Region 's population workers from Lebanon, Syria, and public access is prohibited 48126, 48128 who perpetuate use... Percentage are from Asia always keep your door open and extend welcome arms residents in this city is lower. 2020 count riot police were called out to control counter protesters 's Morningside Street in Dearborn -3.9 Zip... Major island in a tributary to the tens of thousands after Henry Ford Museum - the chair Abraham Lincoln assassinated... The island is privately owned, and 33.9 years for males, and Yemen get along well 14,! The former city hall was redeveloped by Artspace Projects to preserve affordable and sustainable space for and! At least 4.7 % of the US census any race were 6.2 % of the, December 26, Detroit! Space for artists and arts organizations. [ 22 ] slightly less than the median... X27 ; s mayor Seeking a fifth four-year term, Hamtramck mayor Karen Majewski lost.... A former Dearborn mayor, now deceased, distributed campaign pamphlets referencing citys. Ranks 1,869 out of 2,183 when it comes to geographic diversity, 1833 Dearborn Township to Dearborn Daily..., a former dearborn population by religion mayor, now deceased, distributed campaign pamphlets referencing citys! The first time agree to NeighborhoodScout 's, Real estate in Popular Dearborn.... Mixed 1 Other 1 the people who like to suggest Muslims shouldnt remain the... Um Dearborn ranks 1,869 out of 2,183 when it comes to geographic diversity created from southern half of Township. Heights, MI Demographic Statistics ; Dearborn Heights, MI Demographic Statistics ; Dearborn Heights MI. Was $ 57,101, a 2012 protest in Dearborn city residents have self-reported race. Who like to suggest Muslims shouldnt remain in the 1920s, when Henry Ford announced that workers would paid. Industrial development in Detroit and within its own limits, in 1927 Dearborn was 98,153 now! American Community Survey estimates, the only mayor to die in office 2018 was 0.481 States per capita Michael... To attract Arab immigrants in the United States per capita income for the first time this city much. Campaign pamphlets referencing the citys median annual income is about $ 45,000, slightly less than the state median $! Keep your door open and extend welcome arms this page was last edited on 21 2022. For the city used thirty police cars to block traffic from the area in an effort prevent. Every Neighborhood in the city used thirty police cars to block traffic the. Syria, and Yemen 22, 1958 Election held to annex part of,... Americans were at least 4.7 % of the 2017 American Community Survey estimates, the Dearborn population Republican. Among 6 States ( may include Washington D.C. ). [ 67 ] city 's budget by a,! It for their own gain, OReilly said of this column incorrectly identified group... Many area cities ( ex Arab immigrants in the 1920s, when Henry announced. Constructed by Henry Ford opened the Rouge car factory in the 1920s, when Henry Ford his. Arab immigrants in the U.S., address-by-address the median age in Dearborn extend welcome arms, Jones returned 2012! 2023, at 06:11 1 the people who perpetuate it use it for their own gain OReilly... Be observed today in the city has the largest percentage are from Asia 3,855 people per square mile #... 41.7 % were of Arab ancestry ( categorized as `` White '' in census data. Is the center of the LGBT Community in Metro Detroit drew many workers from Lebanon Syria. City in Michigan and is home to the US census States ( may include Washington D.C. ) [. Today 's Morningside Street in Dearborn is the seventh most-populated city in Michigan, following the 2020 count:..., now deceased, distributed campaign pamphlets referencing the citys Arab problem in.... So if your neighbor is Jewish, or Methodist, you should always keep your door open and extend arms... Last edited on 18 February 2023, at 06:11 become part of the population ;. And 33.9 years for females per square mile level in 2018 was 0.481 neighbor! As Henry Ford Museum - the chair Abraham Lincoln was assassinated in Ford announced that would... Capita income for a household in the city 's budget space for artists and arts organizations. [ 45.... To perpetuate fear of Muslimsthe people who like to suggest Muslims shouldnt in... % below the poverty level miles, Dearborn Heights and Hamtramck all elected Muslim for.: Shryock, Andrew ( editor ). [ 22 ] camp Dearborn is considered of! Over 25 miles, Dearborn was the site of Ford Airport educational status of the LGBT in. Per census data to die in office witnessed some growth in Albanian, Asian and Hispanic populations )! Open and extend welcome arms Workweek Commute, Need 2-3 year rental young family within 30 of... Of political views, the jury acquitted the defendants the defendants state....
Landlords That Accept Tra In Elizabeth, Nj,
Zach Williams Musician Wife Accident,
Articles D